Sahadev 2018

  Present perfect We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that happened in the past but still has relevance/connection with the present. Who has written a book ? When have I written a book ? Why have I written a book ? Who does teach you ? Incorrect Who teaches you ? Correct Don't I go to school ? Do I not go to school ? Why don't I go to school ? Why do I not go to school ? Is he not reading ? Isn't he reading ? Why is he not reading ? Why isn't he reading ? Why have I not eaten ? Why haven't I eaten ? Hasn't he eaten ? Has he not eaten ? You use s/es, is and has with the third person singular noun. I and you are the only two singular nouns that are not in the third person. Present perfect continuous or progressive We use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that started in the past but still continues. I have been teaching for 5 hours. He has been doing this since 10 AM. We use 'for' for...

Active and passive voice Present perfect Declarative - obj + has/have + been + V3            A. I have written a book.            P. A book has been written by me. Yes/no - has/have + obj + been + V3            A. Have I written a book ?            P. Has a book been written by me ? W.h. word question - w.h. word + has/have + obj + been + V3       A. Who has written a book ?       P. By whom has a book been written ? Negative -        obj + has/have + not + been + V3       A. I have not written a book.       P. A book has not been written by me.